Sunday, August 23, 2020

Value and Fast Food Customers free essay sample

What circumstance did Skinner acquire when he became CEO? What are the present powers in the outside condition that influence Skinner’s progressing technique? 2. What wellspring of upper hand does McDonald’s have, and is that position upheld by its worth chain and other inside assets? - Inherit the past CEO Cantalupo’s turnaround procedure. This methodology alluded as the †Plan to win† attempted to target different basic territories that should have been tended to. - Rapid market discontinuity, which is depicting the progressions of shopper taste have made once-outlandish nourishments like sushi and burritos ordinary choices. Many cheap food clients are searching for more advantageous and better tasting food. In addition, rivalries has been originating from snappy dinners of different kinds that can be found in grocery stores, comfort stores and candy machines. Segment clients presently working around theclock, expecting 24 hour accessâ to cheap food, how toplease scope of clients from kids toâ contractors? Sociocultural clients inclinations have changed tomore colorful nourishments, more beneficial food with better taste Economic current financial downturn implies clients may be exchanging downâ to McDonald’s ifâ they subterranean insect to eat out Global limits are vanishing, voyagers moreopen to worldwide consistency in food contributions GoldenArches are acknowledged, and expected, all over the place 2. Cost initiative has been the conventional system for thefast-food industry, however McDonald’s monitored costs so as to accomplish equality with contenders - McDonald’s attempted to build up a differentiationadvantagewhile keeping costs at a sensible level - Differentiation requires the formation of something that isperceived industry-wide as exceptional and esteemed bycustomers - Differentiation s accomplished by a firm configuringâ its valuechain exercises to help its position so clients arewilling to pay a premium for something one of a kind †could McDonald’s do this viably? Worth Chain Analysis: - Sequential procedure of significant worth making exercises - The sum that purchasers are willingâ to pay forwhat a firm gives them - Value is estimated by complete income - Firm is gainful toâ the degree the worth itreceives surpasses the all out costs included increating its item or administration Value ChainActivity How does McDonald’s make e steem? Essential: Inboundâ logistics: Hardâ toâ assess Operations:â Strivedâ forâ consistencyâ acrossâ theâ chain,â withdiffering results. Repairing of restaurants,change in hours may help draw clients. Outboundâ logistics:â Hardâ toâ assess Marketing and deals: Many item developments fizzled, $1 menuâ didn’t work out in a good way for franchisees. I’m Loving It crusade was endeavor to arrive at all clients. Service:â Hardâ toâ assess Value ChainActivity How does McDonald’s make esteem? Optional: Procurement:  Info not available in the case Technology improvement: Adoption of costly cooking processesfailed to create wanted outcomes.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Difference Between Operating Systems And Application Software

Distinction Between Operating Systems And Application Software What is application programming? Aâ programâ or gathering of projects structured forâ end clients. Applicationâ software can be separated into two general classes:â systems softwareâ andâ applications programming. Frameworks programming comprises of low-level projects that communicate with theâ computerâ at an exceptionally essential level. This includesâ operating frameworks compilers , andâ utilitiesâ for overseeing computerâ resources. Interestingly, applications programming (likewise calledâ end-userâ programs) incorporates databaseâ programs,â word processors, andâ spreadsheets. Allegorically, applications programming sits on frameworks programming since it can't toâ runâ without the working framework andâ systemâ utilities. There are a ton of terms can be found over the web identified with PC. All kind of PC have processor, Memory, console, mouse and screen to show yield. Be that as it may, their is a huge distinction how individuals or associations use registers for their utilization. We can partition all sort of PCs to 6 classifications. PC ,Server Computer, Mainframe Computer , Super Computer, Embedded Computer, Mobile Computer. Operating Systems Softwareâ designedâ toâ handleâ basicâ elementsâ ofâ computerâ operation,suchâ asâ sendingâ instructionsâ toâ hardwareâ devicesâ likeâ diskâ drives andâ computerâ screens,â andâ allocatingâ systemâ resourcesâ suchâ as memory to different software applications being run. Given uniformlyâ designedâ operatingâ systemsâ thatâ runâ onâ manyâ different computers,â developersâ ofâ softwareâ doâ notâ needâ toâ concern themselvesâ withâ theseâ problems,â andâ areâ providedâ withâ aâ standard platformâ forâ newâ programs. Application softwareâ is a subclass ofâ computer softwareâ that utilizes the capacities of a PC legitimately to an undertaking that the client wishes to perform. This ought to be differentiated withâ system softwareâ which is engaged with coordinating a PCs different capacities, yet doesn't legitimately apply them in the presentation of undertakings that advantage the client. Custom Applications The product is customized software. The programming created to meet all the prerequisites determined by the client. General Applications This kind of programming designers to do explicit errands as a primary concern the general requirements. Many clients can utilize it, since it meets the general prerequisites. Application programming is PC programming, which utilizes a PC the capacity to immediate and finish the undertaking, clients need to run sub-classes. This ought to be diverged from framework programming, the product is the combination of different capacities in the PC, however for the most part not straightforwardly relevant to the assignment, an easy to understand execution. In an application suite ordinarily have a different application UI with some normal makes it simpler for clients to learn and utilize every application. Frequently they may have some limit, with individuals in manners that favor the client. For instance, a spreadsheet may have the option to archive in a word processor, regardless of whether it has been in the inserted application to make a different spreadsheet. User-composed programming tailors frameworks to meet clients explicit requirements. Client composed programming incorporate spreadsheet formats, word processor macros, logical reproductions, designs and movement contents. Clients make this product themselves how significant it is regularly overlooked. In a few kinds of installed frameworks, application programming and working framework programming might be not able to recognize clients, for example, programming used to control the VCR, DVD player or microwave case. Working framework The utilization of low-level PC programming called the working framework (O/S), to assist individuals with building and run their own programs. Operating framework programming runs in note pad PCs, yet in addition cell phones, arrange switches and other purported implanted gadgets. The sort of working framework Working framework is a lot of methods, control application programming, the client runs the equipment gave between the assortment and the present programming running on the PC link. The working framework is likewise answerable for the administration and control everything being equal (memory, hard drives, screens, and so forth.) between them might be running various applications simultaneously share the work. The most well known of the working framework utilized on PCs: - Microsoft Windows - Mac OS X, - Linux, Some working frameworks are intended for particular sorts of gear, for example, Google Android (Linux, a variation), and Symbian the cell phone The Solaris and HP UX, and perilous merchandise UX and other Unix variations for server PCs December VM (Virtual Memory System) used to have PC Other working frameworks to appreciate the reputation of the period, yet now just chronicled intrigue are: Novells Netware is the PC 90 in the twentieth century, the famous O/S IBMs OS/2 was an early PC-O/Ss rivalry with Microsoft Windows for a period, however constrained achievement Multics is an especially imaginative in the centralized server working framework made during the 60s of a century ago, which influenced the fate of Unix advancement. Diverse between Operating System and Application Software The Operating System is the System Software that makes the Computer work. We can say that an Operating System (OS) is Software that goes about as an interface among you and the equipment. It not just contains drivers used to communicate in the equipment types language, yet in addition offers you a quite certain graphical UI (GUI) to control the PC. An OS can likewise go about as an interface (from the equipment) to the next programming. A mind boggling OS like Windows or Linux or Mac OS offers the administrations of an OS, yet additionally has applications implicit. Solitaire, Paint, Messenger, and so forth are on the whole applications. Application programming is the product that you introduce onto your Operating System. It comprises of the projects that really let you get things done with your PC. These Applications are composed to run under the different Operating Systems. These incorporate things like your assertion handling programs, spread sheets, email customers, internet browser, games, and so forth. Numerous projects, for example, the greater part of the Microsoft Office set-up of projects, are written in both Mac and Windows variants, however you despite everything must have the correct adaptation for your OS. Along these lines, the working arrangement of a PC is the product that permits the PC work. It gives the system under which the applications run. The Operating arrangement of a Computer is the Software that permits the Computer work. It gives the system under which the Applications run. A working framework is the sort of Computer framework you have, for example, Window XP or Window 95, 98, Mac, and so forth. The applications are the product that really permits the client to accomplish something with the PC. Without the applications, everything you can do is change settings and explore among the folders.The Applications are the Software that really permits the client to accomplish something with the Computer. Without the applications, everything you can do is change settings and explore among the envelopes. You can buy its CD from a product organization or download from a product companys site. Kinds of Computer Systems Differentâ types of computerâ systems are these days accessible for various purposes concurring the client needs.When youll have toâ orderâ yours or even to manufacture it, you shouldâ firstâ define theâ expected utilization of your computer.This step will help you toâ describeâ the fundamental capacities and know the expenses of your framework. Model : Personal Computer ,Server Computer, Mainframe Computer , Super Computer, Embeded Computer, Mobile Computer. Supercomputers Supercomputers are the most quickest, and costly present day PC frameworks. They are generally utilized for extreme preparing and determining, for example, guaging the climate, or excessively high goals designs, for example, beam followed pictures. Government procedures, for example, movement clearances, and all other significant level functionalities are taken care of by a supercomputer. Supercomputers are likewise broadly utilized in the military to oversee and compute or even examine full scope of data from directions to traffic control and in any event, propelling frameworks. Today, the universes quickest supercomputer was created by IBM the IBM Roadrunner which runs on 1.026 1.105 Pflops or petaflops and is set in the Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico USA occupying a room of 6000 square feet. Centralized server PCs Centralized server PCs are utilized in enormous associations, for example, insurance agencies and banks, where numerous individuals as often as possible need to utilize similar information. In a customary centralized server condition, every client gets to the centralized servers assets through a terminal (organize terminal). There are two sorts of terminal, one is a stupid terminal which doesn't process or store information, simply essential I/O input yield and the savvy terminal which can perform preparing activities however these terminals typically don't have any capacity. Centralized computers are huge and amazing frameworks to deal with the preparing of thousands of clients at any one time. Most enormous associations actualize centralized servers because of their adaptabilities where office PCs can be dispensed a specific usefulness that is identified with the office in light all things considered. For example, a carrier organization which wishes to sell tickets online through the web will require to associate their present site interface to a centralized computer framework. You as the client would then interface with the site or the centralized server framework to enter in your ticket buy. PCs Microcomputerâ designed for use by each individual in turn. A run of the mill PC collection includes a CPU; internalâ memoryâ consisting of

Monday, July 6, 2020

How to Improve Reading and Writing Skills Tips for Dyslexic Students by Dyslexic Students

Dyslexia is a learning disability that one in five Americans face every day, a disorder that can impede a student’s ability to proficiently read, write, and spell. There is no medication for dyslexia, but fortunately, there are plenty of dependable resources that can help people with dyslexia become good readers and writers. In â€Å"Tips from Dyslexic Students for Dyslexic Students,† an article from the Yale Center for Dyslexia and Creativity by Nancy Hall, dyslexic students who have worked to improve their own reading and writing skills share tips on managing time, using the right technology, and staying positive. Take a look at the some of the suggestions below to help you maximize your improvement with dyslexia: 1. Stay Organized and Manage Your Time Dyslexia can add hours to simple reading assignments and math problems. Setting aside time to complete projects is very important. Here are some tips for organizing yourself and managing your time: Think ahead: Before you start an assignment, estimate how much time you will need and what materials you will need to complete the project. If you’re assigned a short story book review, how long will it take to read and take notes? How long to organize your outline and write the review? How many hours will you need for final edits? Break assignments, essays, and projects up into multiple stages: That way you don’t get overwhelmed trying to complete them in one sitting. List out your priorities: Find out which assignments are due earliest, and work on those first. Work ahead: If you have a free night without homework, look ahead and find something you could start early to save you time next week – use every minute! 2. Take Advantage of Technology Find information about audio recordings of reading materials: Learning Ally is an organization dedicated to helping people who suffer from dyslexia by providing a number of audio books. Look for computer programs that can read your assignments aloud to you: When you finish an assignment, listen back to it and try to spot errors. Research tailored fonts: The 1in5 Initiative provides audiobooks for people managing a learning disability like dyslexia, and the organization's website uses a dyslexic-friendly font that can assist letter and word recognition for dyslexic students. 3. Stay Focused and Limit Distractions Find a quiet place to study: Limiting yourself from distractions will help you maximize your time. Try your best on assignments, but don’t do too much more than what you have to: The Yale Center for Dyslexia and Creativity explains more, â€Å"You don’t have to research everything on the Civil War to write a few paragraphs on ‘The Battle of Bull Run.’† Try common study tricks: Chewing gum, wearing earplugs, or using noise-minimizing headphones may help you focus. 4. Try Different Writing Formats – Find Out What Works For You! Create a reference guide: If you struggle with writing a certain letter or number, try asking a teacher or parent to write it on the top of your paper so you can reference it while you work. Add some color: Award-winning author Sally Gardner, who is dyslexic, finds it helpful to write in different colors. â€Å"I start the day in one color, in the afternoon I use another and cut paste together before putting it all back to black,† she says. Change up your fonts and spacing: Many dyslexic students have benefited from using large fonts and double-spacing. 5. Be Confident In Yourself! Stay confident that you can accomplish anything: Dyslexia can makes things more challenging, but it doesn’t make them impossible. Keep a sense of humor and remember that dyslexia "is a way of being," Gardner says; it is something to celebrate for making you who you are. Look back at your past: See how much you’ve overcome. You’ve accomplished way more than you think! Don’t be afraid to ask teachers and tutors for help: One student shares, â€Å"I used to feel embarrassed about having to work with reading specialists and a speech teacher, but I wouldn’t be where I am now without them.† Take advantage of any resources that could be beneficial to you. Photo courtesy of jjpacres on Flickr.

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

The Armenian Genocide And The Decline Of The Ottoman Empire

I. The primary underlying cause of the Armenian genocide derived from the decline of the Ottoman Empire towards the end of the 19th century, and was based on land dispute, religion, and ultra-nationalism. â€Å"One of the main factors that led to the Armenian genocide is to be found in the mental conditions and characteristics of Turkish National identity† (AkcÃŒ §am, 2004, 59). The Armenians have claimed their home in the southern Caucasus since 7th Century BCE. Throughout many centuries, the Mongol, Persian, Russian, and Ottoman empires have fought over this region. Due to the Armenians lack of unity and strength, they could not claim their lands any longer. They were weak in relation to their conflicting neighbors, and were often deported from the very lands they first lived in. Constant deportations over history eventually led them to many different parts of the world, forming what is the Armenian diaspora. Ever since the 4th Century CE, the Armenian state claimed Christ ianity as their official religion. Even after Islam was founded in the 7th century CE and became the state religion in all of the countries surrounding Armenia, the Armenians still held onto the Christian faith. Since Christianity was a religious minority at the time, Armenians were viewed as â€Å"infidels†, and were disposed to unjust treatment as a result. They experienced hardship, religious persecution, discrimination, and abuse. Armenians began to pay higher taxes and had very few political and legalShow MoreRelatedember World War II, and the effects it caused around the world, especially to the Jewish People.1500 Words   |  6 Pagesconcentration or work camps to be eventually killed off or worked till they are almost dead. People called it the holocaust, and it was the genocide of the Jewish. Genocide is one of the worst things in the world today, as it injured and killed many people. It is referred to having malicious intent of destroying or hurting a specific g roup. The word â€Å"Genocide† is derived from the Greek word â€Å"Geno-â€Å"which is Greek for race or tribe, while the Latin word â€Å"-Cide† means killing. This word was createdRead MoreThe Decline Of The Ottoman Empire5362 Words   |  22 Pages How the Decline of the Ottoman Empire Led to the Armenian Genocide Extended Essay in History Word Count: 3941 Douglas County High School Douglasville, GA, USA Examination Session: May 2016 Kiran Lakhani ABTRACT Through the investigation of the changes occurring from the first European presence in the Muslim world to the end of the Ottoman Empire, this essay attempts to answer why the Armenian genocide occurred. The Ottoman Empire started its decline when Napoleon enteredRead MoreThe Young Turks Fight Against the Decline of the Ottoman Empire1075 Words   |  5 Pagesnorth of present day Syria, was known as the Ottoman empire. It was rooted in the belief that Islam as an ideology should be in power. One territory held by the Ottoman empire was their homeland of Turkey. In 1907, the Sultan Abdul Hamid II, wanted for the most part to have people who were educated outside of the country limited in what they could do, and if not then they were expunged, as he thought that they were the cause of his land’s plight and decline. This resulted in him becoming very unpopularRead MoreWas It Genocide?1764 Words   |  8 PagesProfessor Tucker LAIS 100 Was it Genocide? With the aid of influential superpowers such as America and Soviet Union, Ottoman Turkey claimed ownership of some of Armenia’s ancient lands near the end of the 19th century. The whole conflict itself was consistently compounded by more and more factors that complicated matters. Within time, Turkey imploded with success and good fortune while Armenia suffered the after effects of the early 1900’s for the next century to come. Armenians and Turks once actually co-existedRead MoreWar Is A Necessary Condition For The Occurrence Of Genocide2083 Words   |  9 Pagescreated contrasting views on the relationship between war and genocide as well as the effect that war has on genocide. The term ‘genocide’ literally means ‘the killing of a race’ and is arguably the most atrocious crime conceivable (Gunter, 2011). It is a specific term that refers to crimes that are committed against groups with intent to destroy their existence (Ushmm.org, 2016). Ther e are various motives and numerous reasons as to why genocides may occur, however this paper will seek to address the extentRead MoreThe Never Ending Cycle Of Violence1146 Words   |  5 Pageseconomically, and socially. As this idea of self-determination expanded amongst superior powers, this concept also began spreading globally amongst Third World countries and individual groups, after WWII. Regions which were once controlled by the Ottoman Empire, face daily violence in means to establish their own control amongst people of mixed cultures, ideas, and religions. In this paper I will argue that the never ending cycle of violence, which is still present today was caused by self-determinationRead MoreHow Did The Ottoman Empire Differ From Earlier And The Middle East?1247 Words   |  5 Pages02/28/2016 Mid-Term How did the Ottoman Empire differ from earlier Islamic empires in the Middle East? The Ottoman Empire, or Ottoman Turkish, was one of the longest in history, having gone through the whole modern era and only come to an end with the end of World War I in 1918. The event that is commonly taken by historians as the inaugurator of the Modern age is the fall of Constantinople, the center of the Byzantine Empire, and was triggered by the Turkish-Ottoman. Also, you certainly heard aboutRead MoreThe Battle Of The Ottoman Empire1982 Words   |  8 PagesThe Levant Before WWI started the Ottoman Empire had began losing power in the Middle East. It lost control over many countries such as Egypt. Its economy began to decline due to competition from the US and other European countries. Its power begun to weaken and in the beginning of WWI the Ottoman Empire joined Germany and Austria in fighting against Brittan, France and Russia. The Ottoman Empire joined the central powers due to their political and economical Influence on Europe. During this periodRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Historical Significance Between Ww1And Ww2939 Words   |  4 Pagesoperations. Submarines and tanks were also more heavily used. b) Encryption codes for secret communication became more complex. Topical Sentence: D) Similarly, Genocide was used to torture people from weaker countries. 1) WW1: The Ottoman Empire (Turkey) carried out genocide of Armenians. 2) WW2: German Nazis committed genocide against Jews. Topical Sentence : E)Both sowed the seeds of future wars. 1) WW1: Several alliances formed over the past decades were invoked, so within weeksRead MoreGenocide: The Worst Humanitarian Disaster Essay2655 Words   |  11 PagesGenocide: The Worst Humanitarian Disaster I am not a refugee. I am a white, middle-class, female American. I am a student at a public high school in the suburbs. My country is not being torn apart by genocide. My parents haven’t been killed. My government does not rape me. My family does not live in a tent in the middle of the desert. My community does not get by on a $1.00 per week for food, but my desires and passions connect to those who do. There are hundreds of us spread out on the lawn

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Etiology of Autism Essay - 1704 Words

The Etiology of Autism Autism is a syndrome that is characterized by the impairment of social interaction skills, verbal and nonverbal communication, and a decreased interest in participating in a variety of activities. In 1943, Kanner, the man who is attributed with the identification of this disease, hypothesized that autism might be a biological disorder as opposed to a psychological one. Numerous studies have been conducted supporting Kanner’s hypothesis. These studies have ranged from examining the effects of rubella to investigating certain purine metabolic disorders as possible etiological agents. Recently, the areas of neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, and genetics have played a crucial role in developing a clearer picture into†¦show more content†¦Courchesne directed his focus on the vermal lobules of these subjects based on a previous study he conducted on a non-retarded, autistic individual who displayed severe underdevelopment of vermal lobules VI and VII. In order to compare the di fferences between the scans, Courchesne made tracings of the scans and superimposed these tracings according to whether the subject was in the normal control or the autistic group. Tracings were only made of vermal lobules I-V and VI-VII, respectively. Tracings of vermal lobules IX and X weren’t taken because the MRI scans didn’t display well-defined boundaries for them. Upon comparison of the control tracings and the autistic tracings, Courchesne found that †¦vermal lobules VI-VII of the patients with autism were found to be significantly smaller than those of the controls†¦lobules I to V (the anterior vermis) were similar in size in the autistic and normal groups (1350). Due to the correlation of the underdeveloped vermal lobules VI and VII within the autistic group, Courchesne drew the conclusion hat this anatomical abnormality was related to the disease. Courchesne, through examining the width of the fissures and the overall proportions of the lobules, also concluded that the diminished size of these lobules could be attributed to developmental hypoplasia. This developmental hypoplasia of theShow MoreRelatedThe Etiology of Autism Essay1663 Words   |  7 Pages Autism is a behavioral syndrome usually presenting behavior abnormalities before the child is 30 months of age. These behavioral abnormalities include marked social deficits, specific language abnormalities and stereotyped, repetitive behaviors (Piven, 1990). Although the exact etiology of autism is not known it is now believed that it is a dysfunction of one or more unidentified brain systems and not the result of parental and environmental influences. Variations in symptomology and in prognosisRead MoreEssay about The Etiology of Autism1313 Words   |  6 Pagesof 1 in 110 children have an autism spectrum disorder, â€Å"ASD† (Nirv, Shah 2011). 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ASD is a common neurodevelopmental syndrome and an umbrella term for a group of heterogeneous disorders, differentiated by pervasive difficulties, and impaired development, with area such as social communication, flexibility, social reciprocity and sensory processing (American Psychiatric Association,Read MoreThe Etiology Of Parental Psychiatric Conditions Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders883 Words   |  4 Pagespaper is to synthesize and analyze journal articles related to the etiology of parental psychiatric conditions of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and the development of psychiatric conditions after diagnosis; and how the two are interrelated and cyclical. Parents of children with ASD encounter a variety of unexpected- emotional, physiological, and financial challenges in their lifetime. Parents of children with autism spectrum disorders often have â€Å"elevated levels of depressive symptomsRead MoreGender Differences In Autism Spectrum Disorder980 Words   |  4 PagesMeta-Analysis- Investigating the genetic and prognostic Sex Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Introduction: While Autism Spectrum disorder (ASD) has been researched extensively, the role of gender in this disease is still poorly understood. With a 4:1 gender distribution in the diagnosis of ASD, many research studies have attempted to explain this difference (Fombonne,2009). Current research has theorized about various different etiologies for this gender discrepancy, such as a female protective effectRead MoreInside Autism Spectrum Disorder Essay1715 Words   |  7 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by a num ber of deficits in verbal and non-verbal communication, social interaction with others, and other behaviors. Usually diagnosed in early infancy, this disorder is the most impairing and severe of the neurodevelopmental disorders. Before the publishing and release of the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), Autism Spectrum disorder could be diagnosedRead MoreAutism And Childhood Of Autism Essay1382 Words   |  6 Pagesexplored of all youth psychiatric disorders, Autism continues to be a captivating condition. The conception and description of the disorder has evolved significantly over time leaving some philosophies once held with principle to later verify to be unproven. Scientists and clinicians have provided the highest influences to the understanding of the illness, however, history does illustrate countless teachings and initial interpretations of a possible genesis of autism to be uncertain. The socio-politicalRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Autism )900 Words   |  4 Pages Autism Disorder Mohamed Ayoub Community College of Aurora Autism Spectrum Disorder We are living in a time where a remarkable and advanced medical treatments exist. However, scientists and medical professionals are constantly faced with diseases and disorders that contemporary humanity needs a cure and treatment. Amongst the disorders that affecting our young people today is the autism spectrum disorder. It is a â€Å"complex and life long behavioral disorder marked by impairment in socialRead MoreThe National Institute Of Mental Health1690 Words   |  7 Pageswith autism define their children’s oral health as fair or poor. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder have difficulties adjusting with the dental scenery, due mainly to their inability to communicate and socialize their thoughts and feelings. Dental office visits can be challenging to the child with autism and therefor the parent as well. It is our job as a dental professional to help make these office visits as pleasant as possible to both the patient and the caregiver. What is Autism SpectrumRead MoreUnderstanding Autism And The Different Disorders On The Autism Spectrum1225 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding autism and the different disorders on the autism spectrum has become more prevalent in today’s society, mostly due to the increase in children being diagnosed. Disorders such as Rhett’s syndrome, Fragile X and Asperger s are becoming more prevalent in today’s classroom. The research studies reviewed for this paper focus specifically on Fragile X (FXS), which is also termed Martin-Bell syndrome. This essay will review the literature on FXS including the prevalence of it, the importance

Hr Practices In Bc Ministry Of Citizens’ Services †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Hr Practices In Bc Ministry Of Citizens Services. Answer: Three Ways to Improve BC Ministrys Millennial Talent and Skill Employment The Ministry of Citizens Services offers an extensive range of services to the British Columbians across the province, both in person as well as online. The Ministry caters around workforce planning, succession management, learning and development, and further provides human resources knowledge and expertise to clients within the Ministry. As per Karandeep Manak, the Strategic Workforce Planner, majority of the transactional human resources services such as compensation and benefits are executed within the BC Service agency, which is referred as the Government HR domain (Lindquist, Vincent Wanna, 2013). The BC Ministrys Public Services formerly known as Ministry of Technology, Innovation and Citizens Services executes a dynamic role in the government sector to support corporate, general public, government ministries along with the wide range of public sector organizations. The Ministry further accomplishes the changing desires of its public sector stakeholders in a cost effective, a pproachable and accessible manner. Majority of the services of the Ministry lies with the Ministry partners by providing cyber security and workstations (Eagles et al., 2013). However, few of their services involve development of corporate strategies, legislation, operations, training and development and compliance. Comprising a workforce of seventeen hundred people, the Ministry is spread through the British Council catering mainly at Victoria, comprises of seven varied divisions namely corporate information, corporate service division, office of chief information and more. The Ministry provides ample of facilities to retain the employee base and its efficiency and is regarded as one of the largest organizations of British Council and one of Canadians top and greenest employers (Charter, 2017). However, the Strategic Workforce Planner of BC Ministry of Public Services Agency stated that the lucrative and benefits of this agency is not prominent amongst many in comparison to the oth er employment sectors. Its services are unknown to a large portion of the millennial. In recent times, the generation born between years 1980 to 1995 known as the millennials have comprised the majority section of the Canadian labour force. However, they are finding this workforce extensively complex as well risk taking in order to sustain in the public service domain. Certain researches have revealed that the federal public sector has been experiencing increasing rates of disputes and challenges in the context of millennial recruitment that at present comprises of almost forty percent of the largest generational contribution of Canadians workforce (Ng Gossett, 2013). On the contrary, only one-fourth of BC Ministry of Public Service is constituted by the millennials and the rest is still predominant by workforce aging from forty to sixty years. The Ministry must implement effective tools to attract a strong assemblage of millennials by incorporating meaningful work, lateral mobility, work life balance facilities and rewards which the millennials are looking for (Meln ychuk, 2013). The hiring manager or HR management team of the Ministry must bring the appropriate amalgamation of new millennial employees who can merge absolutely with the existing ones and further influence and be the reason for effective productivity of the Public service sector. The role of advanced social media platform and mobile technology play a vital role in the lives of millennials (Broughton et al., 2013). The hiring manager concentrates on social networking trends to comprehend the candidate landscape and exclusively communicate with the candidates. HR professionals must focus on social media outlets and SEO to explore the available vacancies (Chan-Olmsted, Rim Zerba, 2013). Technology is one tool, which drives the major section of the millennials. The millennials being raised up computer technology and hence intensely embedded with social media. Through services such as LinkedIn, the majority of millennial skills are being bombarded with several new job offers thus enc ouraging Millennials to shift to innovative employment offers and better remuneration. Talent development can be considered as another approach to improve the Ministrys millennial talent hiring. It must be noted that around seventy percent of millennials being dissatisfied with the organizations leadership techniques leave the organization (Orpwood, Schmidt Hu, 2013). Thus, effective training and induction is regarded as a significant tool to retain millennial that must be implemented by the HR department of the Ministry. Unlike the baby boomers, millennials with their intense connectivity with mobile technology believes in approaches related to it. Thus, micro learning can be a way to provide satisfaction to the learning expectations as well as preferences of the millennials (Espinoza Ukleja, 2016). This type of learning involves small learning units with minimum time duration which can be executed in a convenient and reachable manner. Learning and development is considered as a significant perk by the youth in order to evaluate prospective employers. The third way in which the rate of millennial hiring can be improved by the BC Ministry is rewards and recognition. The millennials are more inclined towards rewards and financial rewards than job security. Millennials devalue employers who fail to encourage and recognize appropriate talent and skill (Pease et al., 2014). They seek for feedback and acknowledgement for the work they perform. The HR professionals of Ministry must work on implementing rewards and acknowledging young recruits to retain their engagement and satisfaction towards the public service sector. One of the effective methods to ascertain the organizations growth is to truly motivate and identify specific actions and attitudes of the millennial workforce. Deloitte, one of the big fours, has successfully implemented a comprehensive on boarding programme to encourage the work of their millennial recruits who comprises almost half of the client facing labour force (Ozcelik, 2015). With the majority of millennials winn ing over todays private sector, Ministry must begin to implement the aforementioned methods to enhance the millennial personnel in public services. Three Strengths of the Ministrys Selection Procedure BC Ministry of Citizens Services typically uses its job seekers page of their website to follow their recruitment procedures. It consists of a very structured selection process and is rigorously maintained for all roles and divisions across the ministry. Primarily the hiring manager conducts this procedure. There are six key phases included in the employment procedure which ranges from looking for the posting the criteria until candidate selection. Selection of Recruitment Options- The hiring manager must take in account a wider array of choices for effective staffing productivity and flexibility as well as address the major concerns related to employee development, succession strategies and talent shortcomings. Defining Selection Criteria: The hiring executive must concentrate on defining the selection criteria based on the current requirements of the job. Properly structured requirements will permit candidates to determine whether their expertise would match the desired requirements ("Steps in the Hiring Process - Province of British Columbia", 2018). The primary concern of the hiring manager must be to reconsider the minimum educational qualification, skills, competencies, experience of the applicants along with the preferences required for the position. Job Posting: The hiring manager selects the most appropriate selection requirements from the hiring request form. Recruitment Documentation: Documentation and maintain credentials of the whole recruitment process and further sustain a complete file for every hiring action is required by the Hiring and Deployment as well as government records management policy. The hiring manager retains an appropriate record based on the decision for which public service workers can be taken into account. Evaluation and Selection: The recruitment decisions are based on the principles of merit and experience in order to ascertain the unbiased and unprejudiced aspect of the Ministry ("Steps in the Hiring Process - Province of British Columbia", 2018).. Several screening and evaluation tools are implemented to select the appropriate applicant for the required position. Several managers prefer ton conduct written assignment which consists of a pass or fail threshold prior to the personal interview for the selected ones. However, past experiences are also considered in this phase of hiring. Extension of Offer: The applicants selected via the Recruitment Management System, are provided with the offer letter. However, offering as well as providing necessary suggestions and feedback to the unsuccessful candidates is one of the vital aspects of the Ministrys hiring process. The applicants are set Consent for Disclosure of Criminal Record Information for security screening process ("Steps in the Hiring Process - Province of British Columbia", 2018). Under the Public Service Act, the hiring manager must notify all the unsuccessful applicants of the decision and further provide feedback with thorough explanations of not being offered. According to Strategic Workforce Planner, Karandeep Manak, one of the key strengths in the selection process of Ministry lies within its immense commitment in the recruitment and development of expertise, extremely talented and efficient public service domain which performs as a representative of the diversity of the citizens of British Columbia. It encourages employment justice as well as diversity in the administrative centre and further acknowledges applicants belonging to diverse groups which embrace women, visible marginal sections, indigenous communities as well as people belonging from diverse sexual orientation and other who can be a part of the BC Public Service Agency ("Steps in the Hiring Process - Province of British Columbia", 2018. The ministry believes in recognizing innovative and unique approaches to support a diversified, considerate and collaborative work ambience. The BC Public Service is dedicated to the principles of diversity, inclusion and value. Thus, it part icipates in employing labour who represent the population the Ministry caters in, eradicate obstacles which causes prevention to equitable employment, encouraging honourable work environment where each employee is aware of the performance of the others. The second strength of the selection procedure lies on the unique work environment strategy of the Ministry. The Ministry acknowledges culture, which promotes work-life balance. This results the Ministry to be rewarded with immense efficient, loyal and committed employee base. The employees however need to ascertain the Ministry regarding the productivity of their services ("Steps in the Hiring Process - Province of British Columbia", 2018). The Ministry encourages its employees to work for a scheduled period and further spend time with respective families. This has led to the growth and increase productivity, less stressed labour force, greater level of employee satisfaction and loyalty. The Ministry also encourages Mobile working, which encourages employees to work from their own comfort zones or from their places. The Ministry, in recent times has introduced a new three year Diversity and Inclusion Action Strategy that can be considered as the third strength of its selection process, which assists in recruitment, growth and retaining a diversified influx of skills and talent that further provides an idea of citizens the Ministry serves. The Ministry introduces has introduced certain Public Service Agency Campaigns and Plans which facilitates to the capacity development and enhances the competitiveness and supervising outcomes ("Multiculturalism Anti-Racism - Province of British Columbia", 2018). Some of the programmes and strategies implemented by the Ministry are as follows Aboriginal Youth Internship- It refers to the work knowledge program that establishes the Aboriginal youths professional as well as leadership expertise. Early Intervention and Return to Work Program- This program enables executives and the workers to be in contact with occupational health nurses as well as early intervention and return to perform in order to support an employee to continue working or to resume at the earliest ("Multiculturalism Anti-Racism - Province of British Columbia", 2018). Occupational Health and Safety Program- This program is considered as an essential bylaw workforce program that envelops the actions required for illness and damage prevention at the workplace. Provincial Employees Community Services Fund (PECSF)- Program introduced to concentrate on the payroll deduction process is to aid charitable giving executed by the Ministry. Three Limitations of the Recruitment Procedure of the Ministry and their Suitable Recommendations One of the key criteria, which the Ministry emphasizes on, is core knowledge base that is experienced employee base. Employees who have been working in a particular domain for a relevant period are immensely valued in the recruitment procedure of the Ministry. It believes in the strong knowledge base that further results in increased productivity with minimal errors. The Ministry, being an organization that provides services to the public, has great reliance on employees who understand and comprehend the work culture and improve the morale and principles of the company. Another factor that is the retention strategy further influences the slow recruitment process of the Ministry largely (Noon, Blyton Morrell, 2013). The hiring management believes that long-term employees are loyal towards the organization and can easily be motivated through competitive health insurance as well as retirement schemes, which is indeed a unique feature of the Ministry. However, the HR department of the p ublic services must focus on hiring new and ambitious talent rather than solely concentrating on previous experience (Durocher, Bujaki Brouard, 2016). Millennials characterize the hunger for learning new skills, innovation and never dithers to face any sort of risks or challenges. They Majority of the millennials are engaged in professional networking sites and can easily comprehend any new technology. As per records, four out of five millennials are aware of advanced technologies which would be a productive contribution to the public service sector. Lack of Human Capital Tools Usage can be regarded as another factor which is waning the employment process of the Ministry. The Canadian government recently is experiencing a number of risks and challenges to execute the most of the human capital tools and techniques. The Ministry must work on employing skilled recruits with acquired expertise of implementing these tools effectively and perform better work resulting in growth of the public sector. The public sector because of its lack of collaboration and coherence is lagging behind in proper operation of these tools. However, with the use of Human Capital Management software the Ministry might recover the trailing recruitment procedure (Australian Public Service Commission, 2013). This strategy will not only select the ideal candidate for the required position and ability to form job descriptions with proper consultation from its stakeholders. Evaluation of applicant forms can be referred as the third limitation of the hiring process of the Ministry. The HR department of public services agency usually carries out screening of applications that has no association with the hire as well as no specific expertise related to the vacant position (DiMaggio, Nag Blei, 2013). The responsibility yet lies on the hiring department to evaluate the applications often results in losing many skilled or talented recruits who might have been suitable for the desired role. The Ministry can focus on social applicant screening which is regarded as one of the most essential applicant screening technique that minimizes the probabilities of forged applicants. However, social networking screening might not always work efficiently for hiring the right candidate (Gautier, 2015). In order to decrease any further fraudulent chances the hiring executives of the Ministry can rely on one-way video call interview that constricts the talent pool, separates the suitable candidates from thousands of candidatures and further enhances the chances of convenient for both the parties. References Australian Public Service Commission. (2013). Human Capital Matters 10. Broughton, A., Foley, B., Ledermaier, S., Cox, A. (2013). The use of social media in the recruitment process.Institute for Employment Studies,3(13), 1-42. Chan-Olmsted, S., Rim, H., Zerba, A. (2013). Mobile news adoption among young adults: Examining the roles of perceptions, news consumption, and media usage.Journalism Mass Communication Quarterly,90(1), 126-147. Charter, M. (Ed.). (2017).Greener marketing: A responsible approach to business. Routledge. DiMaggio, P., Nag, M., Blei, D. (2013). Exploiting affinities between topic modeling and the sociological perspective on culture: Application to newspaper coverage of US government arts funding.Poetics,41(6), 570-606. Durocher, S., Bujaki, M., Brouard, F. (2016). Attracting Millennials: Legitimacy management and bottom-up socialization processes within accounting firms.Critical perspectives on Accounting,39, 1-24. Eagles, P. F., Romagosa, F., Buteau-Duitschaever, W. C., Havitz, M., Glover, T. D., McCutcheon, B. (2013). Good governance in protected areas: An evaluation of stakeholders perceptions in British Columbia and Ontario Provincial Parks.Journal of Sustainable Tourism,21(1), 60-79. Espinoza, C., Ukleja, M. (2016).Managing the Millennials: Discover the core competencies for managing today's workforce. John Wiley Sons. Gautier, C. (2015).The psychology of work: Insights into successful working practices. Kogan Page Publishers. Lindquist, E. A., Vincent, S., Wanna, J. (2013).Putting citizens first: Engagement in policy and service delivery for the 21st century. ANU Press. Melnychuk, N. (2013). Retaining the millennial generation within the Canadian public sector. Multiculturalism Anti-Racism - Province of British Columbia. (2018).Www2.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved 11 March 2018, from https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/governments/multiculturalism-anti-racism Ng, E. S., Gossett, C. W. (2013). Career choice in Canadian public service: An exploration of fit with the millennial generation.Public Personnel Management,42(3), 337-358. Noon, M., Blyton, P., Morrell, K. (2013).The realities of work: Experiencing work and employment in contemporary society. Palgrave Macmillan. Orpwood, G. W., Schmidt, B. A., Hu, J. (2013).Competing in the 21st century skills race. Canadian Council of Chief Executives= Conseil canadien des chefs d'entreprise. Ozcelik, G. (2015). Engagement and retention of the millennial generation in the workplace through internal branding.International Journal of Business and Management,10(3), 99. Pease, G., Beresford, B., Beresford, B., Walker, L. (2014).Developing human capital: Using analytics to plan and optimize your learning and development investments. John Wiley Sons. Steps in the Hiring Process - Province of British Columbia. (2018).Www2.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved 11 March 2018, from https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/careers-myhr/hiring-managers/process

Tuesday, April 21, 2020

Puritan Dbq Essay Example

Puritan Dbq Essay Document Based Question Emily Morlock The Puritan colonies of New England developed in quite a different way from the previous English colonies in Virginia. The people who settled New England led completely different lives and had entirely different values than those of other English settlers. Religion was very important to them and they emigrated from England to the colonies for entirely different reasons than previous settlers. These values and ideas led the Puritans to influence the expansion of their colonies. The Puritan’s value of hard work and education greatly shaped the political, economic, and social growth of New England from 1630 through the 1660’s, but the main contributing factor in development was the importance of religion. The Puritan political structure was the precursor for modern American government. The Puritans, with religion on their mind, created a theocracy. But they did hold town meetings. These town meetings, though not completely democratic, offered much more political involvement by townspeople than in England. When founding Plymouth colony in 1620, Puritan men signed the Mayflower Compact stating that they would follow the laws set forth by the majority and they would establish a self-governing colony. These men did not want to create another monarchial government like the one they had just escaped in Europe and by signing this contract; they all agreed to do what was best for the community. These views appeared in many other New England communities as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Puritan Dbq specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Puritan Dbq specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Puritan Dbq specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Enlarged Salem Covenant of 1636 states that the townspeople â€Å"do hereby promise to carry our selves in all lawful obedience to those that are over us, in Church or Commonwealth, knowing how pleasing it will be to the Lord. † (Doc C) The Puritans believed that God gave power to man and man should not abuse it within the government. In â€Å"Limitation of Government†, John Cotton states that â€Å"it is therefore fit for every man to be studious of the bounds which that Lord has set: and for the people, in whom fundamentally all power lies, to give as much power as God in His word gives to men†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Doc H) Similarly to their political influence, Puritan ideals affected the economic development of New England. Opposed to Virginia, New England was not founded as an economic venture. In â€Å"The Cause of God and His People in New England† John Higginson reminded all that â€Å"New England is originally a plantation of Religion, not a Plantation of Trade†¦worldly gain was not the end and designe of the people of New England, but Religion. † (Doc J) Even with this in mind, the Puritans did strive to create a successful economy. The common term â€Å"protestant work ethic† comes from the Puritans need to always be productive. In a Puritan’s mind â€Å"an hour’s idleness is as bad as an hour’s drunkenness. † Puritans believed in working hard to get ahead, and they were proud of their achievements, as demonstrated in Robert Keayne’s last will and testament. â€Å"[My account books]†¦testify to the world on my behalfe that I have not lived an idle, lazzie or dronish life. † (Doc I) Even though economics was not on the minds of New England’s founders, Puritan ideals did help to generate a flourishing economy. Most obvious of all, the Puritans greatly influenced the social development of New England. Religion was so important that, in some way or another, it indirectly manipulated everything about the colonies. New Englander’s believed that they were to create a â€Å"city on a hill†, one for all colonists to look up to. John Winthrop, the governor of the New England colony of Massachusetts, wrote that â€Å"the eies of all people are upon us. † (Doc A) Due to their desire to keep watch over all members of the community, making sure that everyone behaved appropriately, the Puritans had a great sense of unity within their colonies. In â€Å"A Modell of Christian Charity†, John Winthrop stated that â€Å"wee must be knitt together, in this worke, as one man. Wee must be willing to abridge ourselves of our superfluities, for the supply of others’ necessities. †(Doc A) As seen in Document B, New England towns were set up with a church and town hall in the middle, surrounded by modest sized farms, all close together. This was another ploy to make sure that the townspeople could keep watch over one another. The Puritans did not allow other religions within their colonies. This contributed to the unvarying ethnic development of many New England colonies. They shunned people who even accepted another religion. As stated by Nathaniel Cotton in â€Å"The Simple Cobbler of Aggawam, â€Å"He that is willing to tolerate any religion†¦besides his own†¦either doubts of his own or is not sincere to it. † (Doc G) Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson, two radical religious thinkers, were banished from their New England colonies for the crime of not agreeing with Puritan ideals. Hutchinson was convicted of the heresy of antinomianism and Williams was exiled for preaching separation of church and state along with religious freedom for all. Completely opposing to Puritan views, the banished Roger Williams, in â€Å"A Plea for Religious Liberty, wrote â€Å"God requireth not a uniformity of religion to be enacted in any civil state,† (Doc F) Similarly to this, the Puritans did not like the Indians, and they used their strong religious ties as an excuse to terrorize them. In the name of God† they ravaged Indian villages and killed men, women, and children. After a colonist attack on the Pequot’s Mystic River Village, William Bradford noted that â€Å"It was a fearful sight to see them thus frying in the fire, and the streams of blood quenching the same†¦but the victory seemed a sweet sacrifice, and they gave praise thereof to God, who had wrought so wonderfully for them, thus to enclose their enemies in their hands, and give them so sp eedy a victory over so proud, insulting, and blasphemous an enemy. (Doc D) Also on a social basis, the importance of religion to Puritans helped establish a public schooling system, one that would be expanded upon to eventually create the system we have today. The Puritans wanted their children to be able to read the Bible, so education was extremely important to them. Each New England town consisting of fifty or more families was required to establish a public school. It did not take long after the founding of New England for the Puritans to start establishing schools. Document E states that â€Å"After God had carried us safe to New England†¦one of the next things we longed for, and looked after was to advance Learning†¦dreading to leave an illiterate Ministery to the Churches. † Clearly, the importance of religion significantly affected New England’s social development. New England was greatly shaped by the morals of Puritans. The area was developed to perfectly fit their ideas and values. From 1630 through the 1660’s, the Puritans developed the New England colonies as they saw fit by infusing their strong religious ideals into the political, economic, and social structure of their communities.

Monday, March 16, 2020

Massacre of British Army in Afghanistan in 1842

Massacre of British Army in Afghanistan in 1842 A British incursion into Afghanistan ended in disaster in 1842 when an entire British army, while retreating back to India, was massacred. Only a single survivor made it back to British-held territory. It was assumed the Afghans let him live to tell the story of what had happened. The background to the shocking military disaster had been the constant geopolitical jockeying in southern Asia which eventually came to be called  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Great Game.†Ã‚  The British Empire, in the early 19th century, ruled  India (through the East India Company), and the Russian Empire, to the north, was suspected of having its own designs on India. The British wanted to conquer Afghanistan to prevent the Russians from invading southward through the mountainous regions into British India. One of the earliest eruptions in this epic struggle was the first Anglo-Afghan War, which had its beginning in the late 1830s. To protect its holdings in India, the British had allied themselves with an Afghan ruler, Dost Mohammed. He had united warring Afghan factions after seizing power in 1818 and seemed to be serving a useful purpose to the British. But in 1837, it became apparent that Dost Mohammed was beginning a flirtation with the Russians. Britain Invaded Afghanistan in the Late 1830s The British resolved to invade Afghanistan, and the Army of the Indus, a formidable force of more than 20,000 British and Indian troops, set off from India for Afghanistan in late 1838. After difficult travel through the mountain passes, the British reached Kabul in April 1839. They marched unopposed into the Afghan capital city. Dost Mohammed was toppled as the Afghan leader, and the British installed Shah Shuja, who had been driven from power decades earlier. The original plan was to withdraw all the British troops, but Shah Shuja’s hold on power was shaky, so two brigades of British troops had to remain in Kabul. Along with the British Army were two major figures assigned to essentially guide the government of Shah Shuja, Sir William McNaghten and Sir Alexander Burnes. The men were two well-known and very experienced political officers. Burnes had lived in Kabul previously, and had written a book about his time there. The British forces staying in Kabul could have moved into an ancient fortress overlooking the city, but Shah Shuja believed that would make it look like the British were in control. Instead, the British built a new cantonment, or base, that would prove very difficult to defend. Sir Alexander Burnes, feeling quite confident, lived outside the cantonment, in a house in Kabul. The Afghans Revolted The Afghan population deeply resented the British troops. Tensions slowly escalated, and despite warnings from friendly Afghans that an uprising was inevitable, the British were unprepared in November 1841 when an insurrection broke out in Kabul. A mob encircled the house of Sir Alexander Burnes. The British diplomat tried to offer the crowd money to disburse, to no effect. The lightly defended residence was overrun. Burnes and his brother were both brutally murdered. The British troops in the city were greatly outnumbered and unable to defend themselves properly, as the cantonment was encircled. A truce was arranged in late November, and it seems the Afghans simply wanted the British to leave the country. But tensions escalated when the son of Dost Mohammed, Muhammad Akbar Khan, appeared in Kabul and took a harder line. British Were Forced to Flee Sir William McNaghten, who had been trying to negotiate a way out of the city, was murdered on December 23, 1841, reportedly by Muhammad Akbar Khan himself. The British, their situation hopeless, somehow managed to negotiate a treaty to leave Afghanistan. On January 6, 1842, the British began their withdrawal from Kabul. Leaving the city were 4,500 British troops and 12,000 civilians who had followed the British Army to Kabul. The plan was to march to Jalalabad, about 90 miles away. The retreat in the brutally cold weather took an immediate toll, and many died from exposure in the first days. And despite the treaty, the British column came under attack when it reached a mountain pass, the Khurd Kabul. The retreat became a massacre. Slaughter in the Mountain Passes of Afghanistan A magazine based in Boston, the North American Review, published a remarkably extensive and timely account titled â€Å"The English in Afghanistan† six months later, in July 1842. It contained this vivid description (some antiquated spellings have been left intact): On the 6th of January, 1842, the Caboul forces commenced their retreat through the dismal pass, destined to be their grave. On the third day they were attacked by the mountaineers from all points, and a fearful slaughter ensued†¦ The troops kept on, and awful scenes ensued. Without food, mangled and cut to pieces, each one caring only for himself, all subordination had fled; and the soldiers of the forty-fourth English regiment are reported to have knocked down their officers with the butts of their muskets. On the 13th of January, just seven days after the retreat commenced, one man, bloody and torn, mounted on a miserable pony, and pursued by horsemen, was seen riding furiously across the plains to Jellalabad. That was Dr. Brydon, the sole person to tell the tale of the passage of Khourd Caboul. More than 16,000 people had set out on the retreat from Kabul, and in the end, only one man, Dr. William Brydon, a British Army surgeon, had made it alive to Jalalabad.   The garrison there lit signal fires and sounded bugles to guide other British survivors to safety. But after several days they realized that Brydon would be the only one. It was believed the Afghans let him live so he could tell the grisly story. The legend of the sole survivor, while not quite accurate, endured. In the 1870s, a British painter, Elizabeth Thompson, Lady Butler, produced a dramatic painting of a soldier on a dying horse said to be based on the story of Brydon. The painting, titled Remnants of an Army, became famous and is in the collection of the Tate Gallery in London.   The Retreat from Kabul Was a Severe Blow to British Pride The loss of so many troops to mountain tribesmen was, of course, a bitter humiliation for the British. With Kabul lost, a campaign was mounted to evacuate the rest of the British troops from garrisons in Afghanistan, and the British then withdrew from the country entirely. And while popular legend held that Dr. Brydon was the only survivor from the horrific retreat from Kabul, some British troops and their wives had been taken hostage by Afghans and were later rescued and released. A few other survivors turned up over the years. One account, in a history of Afghanistan by former British diplomat Sir Martin Ewans, contends that in the 1920s two elderly women in Kabul were introduced to British diplomats. Astoundingly, they had been on the retreat as babies. Their British parents had apparently been killed, but they had been rescued and brought up by Afghan families. Despite the 1842 disaster, the British did not abandon hopes of controlling Afghanistan. The Second Anglo-Afghan War of 1878-1880 secured a diplomatic solution which kept Russian influence out of Afghanistan for the remainder of the 19th century.

Saturday, February 29, 2020

Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

Personal Statement Example This becomes one of the major reasons why I am applying for MSC Finance course at the Manchester Business School. To introduce myself, I am Mr. Shawn, a three year student from Bangor University. I studied at the Beijing Institute of Technology for two years. After that, I planned to come to UK for further studies. I achieved an excellent academic result during my second year Bachelor degree study with average score of 75.7. Finance was one of my strongest subjects, in which I scored 86 marks. Strong basic knowledge of math and flexible thinking supported me to get exceptional results in Probability and Optimization and Statistical Methods, with 99 and 94 scores respectively. This proves that I have always been a first-class student. My teachers and professors always considered me a student worthy of reward. I feel that I have enough knowledge and passion to know more about the financial market. Studying finance will not only increase my learning about the financial market, but will also help me achieve a reasonable job. I shall prove to be an excellent professional as I am really interested in solving different financial challenge. To maintain my interest, I keep myself updated with market requirements. I have always thought about bringing my knowledge into use that I gained during my college. I keep on reading related journals, books and magazines, and attend related seminars held in my vicinity. I feel that I possess those special skills needed to fulfill the requirements for this course. I have always come up fresh, innovative and unique ideas. I believe that I have huge potential to improve my academic ability. I always visit the business part of BBC news which enables me to connect what I learnt with the real business world. I am especially interested in the news about Finance and Economics. Now, I shall discuss some of my personal qualities that make me proud of who I am, and which will surely help me in my professional life as well. My best talents incl ude good organization, discipline, carefulness, thoughtfulness, and getting things done in time. I like to put in my best efforts in whatever I do, and I never give up no matter what it takes. I am good at basketball as a point guard. I also have a craze with music, and I love playing piano. I am proud to state that I am a very good learner, and pick up concepts quickly. I keep myself updated with the latest tech information. I have expertise in MS Excel, Word, Power point, Publisher, and Access. I also love working in Adobe Photoshop and Corel Draw. I am a very kind-hearted person, an example of which is my efforts to help Jiaheng Peng, who was a pilot of American volunteer group (the customer gave me this name) in Second World War. He is suffering from leukemia, and my friends and I raised around 1,000 Yuan by launching a donation campaign in Zhongguancun, China. It is also important to state why I chose MBS. The Manchester Business School is a reputable institute, and the atmosph ere of study is incredible. I realized this after listening to a lecture of Xianping Lang, who is a famous Chinese economist. This proves that MBS enjoys a high reputation in the world. Also, the contents of the courses offered by MSC Finance at MBS are first-rate and basic, and they suit today’s business field. I am still preparing to apply for MSC Finance and Investment, MSC Finance and Econo

Wednesday, February 12, 2020

The Joy Luck Club (novel) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Joy Luck Club (novel) - Essay Example She not only accomplishes the goal of her mother on her behalf, but also gets to learn more about her mother as a result of the unique experience of reuniting with her long lost and never seen before half-sisters. Jing-mei and Waverly share the feeling of regret of having lost ties with their indigenous Chinese culture in their attempts to identify themselves with the Americans. Jing-mei and Waverly share the same cultural differences with their respective mothers which also happen to be the cause of misunderstandings between the daughters and the mothers. On one hand, Jing-mei does not find her mother as supportive, understanding, and leveraging as she would like her to be as an American and on the other hand, Waverly is uncomfortable with and afraid of the criticism that her mother offers to Waverly’s fiance Rich; â€Å"But I worried for Rich. Because I knew my feelings for him were vulnerable to being felled by my mother’s suspicions, passing remarks, and innuendosà ¢â‚¬  (Tan 175). ... Waverly seems to be setting the standards and Jing-mei seems to be knocked out mostly. This can be fundamentally attributed to the fact that rather than realize her own potential and qualities, Jing-mei keeps comparing herself to Waverly all the time. Waverly inherits invisible strength from her mother that she uses to strategize, and when she does that to Jing-mei, Jing-mei feels downplayed. The very strength makes Waverly develop a sense of competitiveness because of which, she becomes Jing-mei’s rival and insults her at the dinner of Suyuan’s New Year in front of others. Jing-mei finds Waverly too difficult and offensive to talk to. She explains this in these words, â€Å"I felt like screaming. She could be so sneaky with her insults. Every time I asked her the simplest of tax questions, for example, she could turn the conversation around and make it seem as if I were too cheap to pay for her legal advice† (Tan 204). The Episode of crabs illustrates that Waver ly wants only the very best and is intelligent enough to choose it while Jing-mei is not which is why she does not know what are the best qualities to look for in a crab and also she gets belittled by Waverly at the dinner. Jing-mei’s relation toward Waverly changes over time as she reflects upon her own weaknesses. She realizes that in her attempt to keep competing with Waverly, she has been finding herself coming up short; â€Å"I turned on the water to wash the dishes. And I no longer felt angry at Waverly. I felt tired and foolish, as if I had been running to escape someone chasing me, only to look behind and discover there was no one there† (Tan 207). In spite of her weaknesses and insecurities, Jing-mei has a lot of room for improvement and she does improve as the novel

Friday, January 31, 2020

Criminal Liability Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Criminal Liability - Case Study Example The collision resulted in the death of a man. Pitwood argued that he had no legal duty to the deceased, but Judge Wright held that he did have one arising from his contract of employment. While R. v. Pitwood is often regarded as a classic case of criminal liability for omission, Wright's actual words leave some room for doubt: Thus the judge may actually have been seeing liability coming from the fact that Pitwood had left the level crossing gate open rather than the fact that he had not shut the level crossing gate. Thus did the liability come from an action or an inaction It would seem that the former occurred. This was a case of gross negligence manslaughter, a crime that is a useful background to the whole subject of criminal liability for omission. In general such manslaughter requires the following elements: Duty is imposed by common law statute. A breach is the failure to do something or doing something incorrectly according to the standard expected. The causal link is the fact that death has resulted from this failure with no intervening cause while gross negligence is the fact that the standard of performance or non-performance is so bad as to make it criminal. How do Jon's acts fit into these elements First of all he had a duty to the clients of the gym because he is employed as an instructor. A gym has potentially very dangerous equipment within it - as what happens to Ian shows - and anyone employed by it has a duty of care towards the clients. There is a clear breach of duty in both 1) and 2). The breach in 1) is an example of negligence, while that in 2) moves well beyond even gross negligence into an intentional act that is designed to seriously hurt or even kill Ian. In this case the omission rises to the point of an act. He possesses both the mens rea and the actus reus for the crime of murder. If Ian had been outright killed by the weights falling onto his chest, Jon could have been charged with murder. However, a difficult arises as to the fact that there is clearly an intervening event which actually leads to the death. While Jon was clearly expecting Ian to be injured, it was not reasonable for him to think that he would be allergic to antibiotics and that the doctor would not notice and give them to him. At the same time the but for principle is at work. In other words, but for the actions of Jon, Ian would have never been in the hospital in the first place. The intervening event and but for principles would create

Thursday, January 23, 2020

The Chicago Bulls :: essays research papers

Why Are The Chicago Bulls So Good? Two weeks ago, I was home watching a Chicago Bulls game. I started to analyze why the team had the best record in the league. About nine years ago, the Chicago Bulls selected Michael Jordan in the third pick of the college draft from North Carolina. A few years later, the Bulls drafted Scottie Pippen from Central Arkansas State and just recently acquired Dennis Rodman from the San Antonio Spurs. After my diagnosis, I concluded that the Bulls have the three key elements to win the championship in 1996. The Bulls have Scottie Pippen the floor general, Michael Jordan the leader, and Dennis Rodman the rebounder. The Bull's floor general is Scottie Pippen, a player who has control over everything that happens on the floor. Scottie Pippen is one of the most versatile and talented player in basketball. He can pass like a guard, rebound like a power forward, score like a shooting guard, and run and jump like few others. The floor general is very important to the team because when the team is down by two the floor general will always make the basket to pull the team ahead. He also keeps the team focused and helps bring the younger players around. The leader is Michael Jordan, a player who everyone knows. Michael Jordan is the most recognizable athlete in the world. He is not only the top player of his era but is quite possible the best player ever to wear the uniform of an NBA team. What amazes me about Michael is he was not good in college. He worked harder then any other player to become great, and his career stats prove that fact. Michael walks on the court and leads by example. Ninety percent of the time, Jordan will prevail. Without a leader, the team would not endure the playoffs. The rebounder is Dennis Rodman, a player who takes his job seriously. He is a very popular player around the league. Dennis is known for his multiple tattoos and colorful hair styles. He is also very flamboyant and a loud mouth: nevertheless, the team could not win without him. The rebounder must take on two roles that nobody wants. He must intimidate the opponent and get a technical foul every game. The head coach of the

Wednesday, January 15, 2020

Molson Canadian Beer to China Essay

This paper will analyze a products potential to enter a foreign market. The product, Molson Canadian, is a well known and reputable Canadian beer with a rich history. For our purposes, we have attempted to formulate a plan for Molson Canadian to enter the Chinese beer market. Utilizing empirical data, statistics and research on the Chinese beer market, we have gathered significant information regarding entry into this market. After analyzing China as a country, their beer market and relevant business information, we developed an effective way for Molson Canadian to be introduced into the Chinese market. In addition, we have highlighted some potential opportunities and threats associated with this plan, thereby rationalizing the entry mode we have chosen. After all the information was presented, we concluded that the most effective way to introduce Molson Canadian to the Chinese market was to export the product, utilizing distributor and import contacts to have the beer sold at on-trade sites such as upscale bars and eateries. The following information provided explains our direction and reinforces our decision to enter the market in this fashion. Introduction. The beer brand Molson is one of Canada’s oldest consumer brand names and one of North America’s oldest brands. John Molson established Canada’s oldest brewery in 1786 near the St. Lawrence River in Montreal, Quebec. The Molson company has a range of beer selection including: Molson Canadian, a lager beer containing 5% of alcohol per volume, Molson Canadian Light contains about 2% of alc/vol, Molson Canadian 6. 0 Cold Shots (6% of alc/vol), Molson Canadian Sub Zero (it can served at temperatures below freezing through innovative technology) and its new Molson Canadian 67 (contains only 67 calories). Along with the Molson brand of beverages, Molson also owns the rights to other brands such as the various Rickards brands as well as distribution rights of popular imports such as Heineken from Holland. Molson Canadian is the company’s signature beer, using freshwater from Canadian lakes and the best quality barley in the recipe. Molson’s brewing methods do not utilize preservatives in order to maintain crisp, clean and fresh taste. Instead, they use traditional best methods along with skilled brew masters to ensure best quality from suppliers to retailers. As a result, Molson has received numerous awards in the past, including the gold for â€Å"North American Style Lager† in 2008. In 2005 Molson Brewery merged in equal parts with American brewing company Coors, forming the Molson Coors Brewing Company. The purpose of this report is to introduce a marketing plan for Molson to enter the Chinese consumer market. The main objective is to analyze and determine possible ways to successfully distribute Molson’s signature beer (Molson Canadian) to the Chinese consumer market. The next sections provide country and business analysis as well as the marketing mix in order to construct an effective and efficient marketing plan. Also, an action plan will be prepared to consider implementation of strategies and their associated budgets. Country Analysis China is located in eastern Asia and is the fourth largest country in the world. It borders a number of countries including Vietnam, North Korea, India and Pakistan. China also has the largest population in the world with more than 1. 3 billion (1,338,612,968) people. China also has several languages and dialects spoken throughout the country, but the major ones are mandarin and Cantonese. (CIA Fact book 2010) China is a communist state, however in the last 30 years the nation has gradually changed from a centrally planned economy to a more market oriented economy. This transition has benefited China because it opened its’ boarders to international trade, increasing the countries import/export figures dramatically over the years. In addition, the more open economic system allowed for an influx of foreign direct investment into the country. China’s rampant growth in the past 30 years is evident in the country’s economic statistics. 2009 country GDP numbers place China as 3rd overall worldwide in total GDP with $8. 791 Trillion (US$), only second to the European Union and the United States. (CIA Fact book 2010) This figure can be put into perspective however when analyzing GDP per capita where China places 128th worldwide with only $6,500 (US$), a figure which has been improving throughout the years. Although china is one of the fastest developing countries in the world, its’ government still faces several challenges including reducing corruption, sustaining adequate job growth rates and environmental concerns such as pollution. In addition, China has long been perceived by other nations as a country not up code regarding certain policies such as human rights and intellectual property rights. However, their inclusion into the World Trade Organization in 2001 has vastly improved their global standing and many joint and domestic initiatives have been undertaken to improve the perception of China globally. Rationale for Choosing China There were several key reasons for choosing China as our target market. China’s vast population was an influence because it provided a large potential consumer base. Another reason is the large demand for beer which continues to grow as middle and upper class income levels continue to rise in the country (Datamonitor 2004). In addition, several international beer brands have not managed to effectively penetrate the Chinese market. Therefore, if an international beer company in china survives an initial tough few years, it has the potential to make significant profits going forward. The beer industry in China will be analyzed in more detail in the following sections. Other important reasons for the selection of China was that its’ healthy trade relations with Canada throughout the years. China is Canada’s 2nd largest trading partner, only second to the United States of America with bilateral trade between China and Canada reaching over $50 billion(CAN) in 2009 (Statscan, 2010). Finally, notion that China is the fastest growing nation in the world and is predicted to be the world’s largest economy by 2025 had a significant impact on our selection. (Foreign affairs and international trade Canada, 2005) (See Appendix A) Environment of the Beer Industry in China â€Å"China is one of the world’s largest alcohol producers in the world and in the next few years it is expected to go surpass the United States as the largest alcohol producer in the world† (Newman, Ian 2006). China has a very large beer market worth around $6. 154 billion (USD$) and produced more than 26,244 million litres in 2004 (Datamonitor 2004). Both of these figures are significant increases from the previous year 2003. For the majority of brewers around the world, the Chinese beer market is too large to ignore and at times, too hard to grasp because of its complicity. China is viewed as the next big opportunity in the beer industry because its large population and its high economic growth is unmatchable elsewhere. However, many international brewers have failed to penetrate the Chinese beer market. This could be due to unfamiliar market dynamics and the presence of too many domestic beer brands in the Chinese market. Although many international brands have failed, some like SAB Miller have succeeded. It is believed that focus on quality brands and long term entry plans were contributors to the success companies like SAB Miller have had in the Chinese market. Some of the leading brewers in China include Tsingato brewery, SAB Miller, Fosters Group Limited and Noble China Inc. (Datamonitor 2004) Threats and Opportunities Having looked at the general environment of the beer industry in China, our focus will now shift to the threats and opportunities in the market. First, one of the main threats is the other large beer companies and breweries that we are going to be competing with, both domestic and international. Chinese domestic beer accounts for a large percentage of consumption in the country, and as an international product, we will be facing stiff competition from other international companies already present in the market. A less concerning threat is that the older demographics in China prefer to drink more wine than they do beer. This however is contrasted by the increasing popularity of beer in the nation. The biggest opportunity is the fact that the China has largest population in the world and also that it is the world’s fastest growing country. Another opportunity is that there is steady growth rate predicted in the next few years for the beer industry (Datamonitor 2004). Another key opportunity is that Chinese consumer’s value taste and reputation in their beverage products, we believe that Molson Canadian can cater to this need with our product implementation. (Industry Digest, 2005) On the technological side, the Chinese market has several domestic brewing companies in the nation. This could be very useful because the technology to produce beer in China is readily available. On the negative side, China incorporates strict restrictions on content through various media. For example, internet censorship is common in the nation, leaving marketers with limited when choosing which type of media to use for marketing purposes (Human Rights Watch, 2006). Socially, alcohol plays an important role in Chinese tradition and Chinese society as a whole. Alcohol is used in a lot of Chinese traditional festivals and celebrations, as well as it is also a very important part of Chinese religions. Alcohol can also be found in traditional Chinese medication and also used for cooking (Newman, Ian 2006). Market Buyer Characteristics Many of the beer buyer characteristics in the Chinese market are similar to those of Canada. First, gender plays a large role in that the majority of beer consumers are males. However, the female segment of the market has steadily continued to increase as china develops further, mainly due to increased spending power of Chinese women. However, this gender bias cannot be overlooked as the female segment of the buyers is very important because in some major cities like Beijing, women make up to around 30% of beer drinkers in the city. Most of the buyers of beer in china are between the age groups of 25 to 44, similar to the demographics found in Canada (Industry Digest, 2005). Another important aspect about buyer behaviour in China is that it varies according to the region or province. The same applies for the beer market in China, for example people from the southern regions of China drink more beer at bars an pubs and banquets whereas people in the northern regions are more likely to drink beer while dining because they believe that it ads flavour to their dining. Also in the south of China the climate is very hot so casual drinking as a means to cool down is common similar to Canada in the summer months. (Industry Digest, 2005) Furthermore, reasons why people buy beer in China are important aspect for marketers. For consumers in China, value and good taste are important characteristics that consumers tend to look for. These qualities of beer products precede the importance of other factors such as price and brand reputation. Brand loyalty to domestic brands is more common in certain locations such as Beijing, but brand loyalty overall in general is not a decisive factor for many consumers in the Chinese beer industry. â€Å"People between the ages of 16 to 44 who live in Guangzhou and shanghai, switch brands on a regular basis† (Industry Digest, 2005). Selection of and Rationale for Chosen Mode of Entry into the Target Country The entry mode that we have chosen for entering into China will be exporting through an import contact that will then use local distributors to sell our product. The reason that we have selected this option is that although there is a huge potential for companies to succeed in the Chinese beer market, there are still many risks of doing business in China. By choosing exporting as our first step, it allows us to reduce financial and investment risks. Many studies have shown that having a good relationship with the Chinese government and business owners is a significantly important factor for foreign companies to success in China (Owen, 2010). Therefore, before moving into further actions such as partnerships and joint ventures, we want to have Molson establish a good working relationship with the Chinese government. At the same time, this entry mode will also give Molson ample time to develop the relationship with potential Chinese partners, as well as get better understanding about the government regulations for foreign ownership of land & building resources. Last but not least, comparing this mode of entry to partnerships and joint ventures, exporting requires less finical investment. For example, Molson does not need to build factories or set up mass manufacturing operations right away which will save a significant amount of money right from the get go. In addition, if anything goes wrong initially, this entry mode allows us to withdraw the business from China much easier than if we had already established manufacturing operations in the country. Objectives. Due to the risks that beer companies are facing in expanding into the Chinese market, Molson Canadian wants to move slowly into the Chinese market. In other words, the company wants to test the environment first and then take the necessary steps to further the expansion process. First of all, Molson Canadian will establish the mode of entry which is the exporting strategy, and then the company will choose a well known Chinese beer company such as Tsingtao as our distributor, because this will reduce the uncertainties. While working with Tsingtao, Molson Canadian wants to ensure distribution networks are reaching desired locations for sale of product and look for other possible distributors and partners as well in order to get it prepared for our future development purposes such as joint ventures or partnerships. The next objective that we suggest is gathering forecasting information for potential future margin and feedback from consumers. This step will help us to make sure if the Chinese market is really worth to investing in and develop strong indicators to our customers’ preferences, in order to better serve our customers. During this stage, Molson Canadian will also be able to get more familiarized about the Chinese regulations related to the beer companies, especially for foreign companies. After the completion of this stage, the company will be able to develop plans for future operations based on the information that it has collected from before. If the information does not support the expansion, then Molson Canadian should stop developing, and possibly withdraw the business from China. If everything goes well, the company will pick the right distributors and partners that have been evaluated before to start the joint ventures or partnerships with local Chinese companies. The reason that we decided to do joint ventures or partnership eventually is that based on information from the Euromonitor International, which states by doing a joint venture it will allow foreign companies to gain local market knowledge â€Å"These joint ventures should provide foreign companies with a necessary foothold in the market which can, in the future, be exploited by their own products† (Euromonitor International, 2004). The last objective is to work towards generating steadily increasing profits in the future, which will be in more details in our action plan. Limitations There are also limitations that could affect Molson Canadians entry into the Chinese market. As we mentioned before, the uncertainty of the Chinese market is a huge concern. First of all, the government regulations and standards are different from what we have seen in the North American market. Based on the article written by Owen, issues included the â€Å" Chinese top-down approach to standards and conformance, Openness and transparency, Low confidence in private-sector standards setting and conformity assessment, and Inconsistent implementation creates uncertainty†(Owen, 2010) are all the concerns that Molson needs to pay attention. The second uncertainty is that the intense competition will be created by both local and foreign beers companies in the crowded industry. As represented by Euromonitor International, there are several foreign breweries doing business in this market now. Many of which have found that the market is more difficult to operate than they expected before entering the Chinese market. Problems included comparatively high production costs and a fragmented market, combined with oversupply, has caused a market slowdown which led many companies to cut their prices. Many of the companies have already chosen to exit the market and cut their losses (Euromonitor International, 2004). Criteria In terms of the time frame, we estimated that will take one year to complete the objectives from 1 to 3, which is also considered to be our primary expansion. As mentioned above this includes the establishment of the entry mode- exporting, develop appropriate distribution networks, and collecting forecasting information and feedback from consumers. The secondary expansion includes the envelopment future operating plans such as joint ventures or partnerships; after everything has been created our final goal will be work towards generating steadily increasing profits in the future. We estimated that will take 1 or 2 years to finish framing the joint venture or partnership structure. Segmentation For our segmentation we decided to focus on 5 main demographic criteria’s. We obtained basic secondary data based on the past buying patterns of Chinese and other Asian consumers. From that data, we sorted and decided upon with segments of the market we would test for. We based the selection of the criteria on hypothesis testing and concluded that only traits that that appeared consistently within two standard deviations (95%) of each segment’s sample would be counted; these demographics being on age, region, ethnicity, financial capacity and lifestyle within the 18 – 45 age range. For this analysis we have ranked them in order of popularity and difference in cost relative to other premium beers; from this analysis we have distilled this ranking system. * Molson Canadian Subzero is loved for its flash and fancy appeal * Molson Canadian Lager is popular for its strong distinct flavour * Molson Canadian Light beer is popular for its smoother taste and lack of a strong after taste * Lastly Molson Canadian ‘67 is the least preferred. This is due to the misconception that diet beers are more diluted than regular beers and that consumers are getting less for their money. From our demographic analysis of Chinese consumers of a certain demographic tend to prefer certain tastes to be present in their alcohol and while these preferences are not as potent in affecting purchase decisions as they would be in north America, never the less they are significant to warrant analysis and attention. Characteristic| Characteristic Related| Price| Westernized | Stronger Alcohol| More expensive| Traditional| Smoother Alcohol| Less Expensive| Sichuan | Stronger Alcohol| Less expensive| Han| Smoother Alcohol| Less expensive|. Tibetan| Stronger Alcohol| Less expensive| Southern| Smoother Alcohol| Less expensive| Northern| Stronger Alcohol| More expensive| Old | Stronger Alcohol| average| Young| Smoother Alcohol| Less expensive| (Data Extrapolated from China’s beer consumption and Barley imports) From our analysis we can conclude that as you move up north and become more westernized the taste for alcohol becomes steadily stronger and that people value alcohol more. We have found that there are many cultural factors that the affect the purchasing characteristics of each segment. Age: Age is a significant factor when incorporating this model, with younger generations preferring relatively cheaper products than the older generation. As China’s socialistic society progress, legislation has greatly altered the spending habits of consumers. Such like the 1 child policy has left a significantly smaller working force to support the country. With most average working couples supporting 3 generations simultaneously (Adams, 2008), this can impact greatly on the decisions regarding the purchase of the luxury items such as premium foreign beer. Region: In regards to region, there are smaller difference in the tastes and spending habits of northerners vs. southerners. While the South has a higher pay-grade than those of the north, historically the south has always been a more crowded and competitive place (Trent, 2009). Thus those living there adapt to have a more conservative outlook in regards to consumption and purchases. Contrary, while the average northerner earns significantly less money they are more likely to spend extra for what they want (Trent, 2009). Also cities along the coast tend to adopt more western ideals than those located on the interior of China. Ethnicity: While china’s population is 87% Han (Doan, 2008) there is a small population of minorities that also live in china. Though living in the same country this minority have significantly different tastes from your average Chinese. These Minorities include Tibetans, Wiggers and Manchus. Lifestyle: Since China has opened its doors to international products and cultures, there have been many Chinese that have adopted a more western-lifestyle. With Western styles often come more western tastes (Qingbin et at, 1998), in contrast to the smoother taste western-styled Chinese prefer a stronger tasting alcohol. Marketing Mix This section presents strategic alternatives that Molson Canadian should take into consideration, recommendation of the suitable alternative and implementation of marketing plan through the use of the controllable elements of marketing mix. Strategic Alternatives There are two strategic alternatives that Molson Canadian can use to expand its beer brand to Chinese consumer market. Molson Canadian can expand its beer brand to Chinese consumer market by exporting its product line on trade or off trade. Alternative 1: The first alternative for Molson Canadian is to export its product line on trade, meaning that their target locations for sale are establishments which serve alcohol. For our product, we want to target specifically high end restaurants, pubs and bars. High end restaurants, pubs and bars would offer high quality products; therefore the best quality beer would also be expected from customers. One of the main strengths of Molson Canadian is that they utilize high quality ingredients as well as a team of brew masters that make sure the beer follows the high quality standards, qualities that Chinese consumers would be drawn to. Additional strengths of Molson Canadian is that it offers product differentiation such as best quality barley and no use of preservatives for its production. Also, the products country image is perceived as good quality product since it is North American which means that the products symbolize Western civilization, status and modernity (Zhou & Hui, 2003). A weakness that should be taken into account is that Molson Canadian is not well known in the Chinese market, so it may be difficult to find consumers initially. However, opportunities in Chinese alcohol industry should be considered regarding this matter. For instance, an opportunity encountered is that there is an increasing demand for better tasting and premium products, meaning that premium beer sales will be more likely to increase in upcoming years (Euromonitor International, 2010). Also, another significant opportunity is that as consumers’ disposable incomes increase, consumers will be able to spend on leisure time such as going out to pubs and bars. In fact, there is a strong development of the consumer foodservice market, as well as, an increase of premium beer in forecasted years which accounts for 70% of total value growth from 2008 to 2013 in local currency (Euromonitor International, 2009). In addition to the above points, Chinese consumers are not price sensitive regarding on-trade places, indicating that premium and standard beer will become popular among the consumers (Euromonitor International, 2009). Lastly, a major threat towards this alternative is that the rise of prices for materials such as oil and energy can affect transportation cost. The National Development and Reform Commission (NRDC) had reported a price increase of RMB 1,000 per tonne for oil which is approximately equivalent to US$ 170 in 2008 (Euromonitor International, 2009). This means that there will be a need for adjustments in terms of price of beer to circumvent export costs to China. Alternative 2: The second alternative for Molson Canadian to export in China is to sell its product off trade. For this alternative, Molson Canadian beer should be sold in small grocery stores and/or hypermarkets. In order to better analyze this alternative for better profitability of the company, a mini SWOT analysis should be established. A major strength for this company is that the beer could be sold as standard lager beer to Chinese market with product differentiation. For example, the beer could be differentiated towards its high quality ingredients used in the production such as barley and hops and its high quality control standards. A weakness encountered in this option is that Molson Canadian is not a well known beer brand among Chinese market. An opportunity for selling Molson Canadian beer off trade is that this is main channel of sales accounting for 68% of volume sales in 2008 (Euromonitor International, 2009). Also, small independent grocery stores in rural areas account for 66% of total volume sales in 2008 (Euromonitor International, 2009). However, threats should also be taken into account for this alternative. A major threat there is high competitive market between domestic and foreign beer brands. In fact, the three top companies China Resources Enterprise Co Ltd, Tsingtao Brewery Co Ltd and Beijing Yanjing Brewing Corp accounted for 41% of total volume sales in 2007 (Euromonitor International, 2009). There are also two leading international companies participating in Chinese beer market which are InBev and Anheuser-Busch. Another threat encountered is that consumers are price sensitive towards beer in off trade channels as they have a range of beer selection as well as prices that differ from different brands issues (Euromonitor International, 2009). Recommendation. The best alternative for Molson Canadian is to target on-trade businesses, especially high end restaurants, pubs and bars. The main criterion for choosing this alternative was based on willingness to pay for high priced product. Also, Molson Canadian should consider the high competition with domestic and foreign beer brands in off-trade markets. In order to reach Chinese consumers, we have weighed the pros and cons of this alternative and believe that Molson Canadian would have the best chance for success by initially focusing on selling to high end restaurants, pubs, bars and so on. The first reason for this chosen alternative is that customers will pay for high quality at any price. The customers will pay for a product that provides better taste, healthier and premium packaged products (Euromonitor International, 2010) since their disposable income allows buying better quality products. In fact, according to China Alcoholic Association, beer volume production has increased 6 % in the first half of 2009 (Euromonitor International, 2010). Also, when beer is sold in high end restaurants, its price will be set much higher price than at grocery stores, so Molson Canadian can generate profit using this method. According to Euromonitor International (2010), standard and premium beer account for only 10% of total sales volume, but generate around 50% of total profits in China’s beer sector. One of downsides towards marketing on-trade is that it may be difficult to break into the market since Molson Canadian is not recognized publicly in China. Also, Molson Canadian may face fierce competition in Chinese on-trade markets. For example, Budweiser, Heineken, Tiger, and Carlsberg are the main multinationals that have majority of the premium beer sales on trade. This alternative is preferable to the other option since it provides the means to generate long term profit and on-trade customers will favour buying high quality product as their preferences change. Another reason for choosing this alternative other than off-trade is that grocery stores will offer a variety of beer brands that are cheaper and domestic Chinese brands, therefore consumers will have more general knowledge of the products available to them. Once the strategic alternative is implemented, there will be opportunities and challenges that should be relevant to Molson Canadian. A potential opportunity for Molson Canadian is to introduce Molson Canadian 67 which is a type of beer that contains only 67 calories. This is a significant advantage for this company since Chinese people are becoming more concerned about their health and wellness. In terms of challenges that Molson Canadian may face is that there will be competition within foreign beer brands such as Heineken that could affect Molson Canadian’s profitability. Implementation In order to execute the marketing strategy of exporting Molson Canadian beer to Chinese market in high end restaurants, pubs and bars, the company should consider the 4P’s of the marketing mix. First, the product provided is Molson Canadian lager beer by Molson Coors Brewing Company which is a high quality Canadian brand which Molson Coors will be able to sell its beer as premium brand because of it offers clean, crisp and fresh taste as well as the no use of preservatives. The price for Molson Canadian beer lager is planned to be high since most of target market in China is represented by medium to high income consumers. Consumers in high end restaurants, pubs and bars will able to buy a bottle of Molson Canadian lager beer for more than 20RMB or $3US(Eumonitor International, 2009) since high end restaurants will place their price three times its market price. For the promotional aspect of our product, Molson Canadian attempt to use practices similar to those found in the North American markets. The use of commercials and posters display the refreshing qualities of a Canadian lager beer will be a major focus of the promotional ads. However, unlike the Canadian and American markets where beer commercials incorporate sexual messages to sell their products, ads in China will mirror those of beverage companies already operating in the country. To do this, the sexual appeal found in North American type commercials will be replaced with the quintessential Chinese humor found very often in Chinese advertisements. In addition, another promotional campaign will be launched in China based on the current public relations department knowledge of Molson Coors regarding drinking and driving programs. This program will be shared with the government of China to increase awareness since drink driving is one of major factor causing traffic accidents. In fact,† according to the Ministry of Public Security, the number of road traffic accidents reached 107,193 during the first half of 2009, with the number of fatalities and injuries reaching 29,866 and 128,336 respectively† (Euromonitor International, 2010). This promotional tool will be helpful to reduce barriers that the government may place for Molson Canadian. Finally, another way to promote the beer brand is to provide an event marketing strategy since ‘international sporting, economic and cultural events are strong drivers for beer consumption† (All China Marketing research, 2008). For instance, Molson Canadian can potentially sponsor the 16th Asian Games in China which is taking place from November 12th to 27th, 2010 (Guangzhou Asian Games Organising Committee ,2010). Therefore, this sponsorship will bring brand awareness. Molson Canadian may have a backup plan if the sponsorship does not work out through donating a certain amount of money to the Asian Games event so then there will be also the brand name out there for consumers. A last marketing mix factor is place which could be achieved by utilizing the same distributors of Coors Light to d.